Procedure for Simulation

1. Select the environment and material  for doing experiment.
2. Choose mass, length , breadth and thickness of the material bar using sliders on the right side of the simulator .
3. Fix the distance between knife edges.
4. Focussing the microscope and adjusting  the tip of the pin coincides with the point of intersection of the cross wires using left  and top  knobs on microscope respectively.
5. Readings are noted using the microscope reading for 0g. Zoomed part of microscope scale is available by clicking the centre part of the apparatus in the simulator. Total reading of microsope is MSR+VSR*LC. MSR is the value of main scale reading of the microsope which is coinciding exacle with the zero of  vernier scale. One of the division in the vernier scale coincides exactly with the main scale is the value of VSR. LC is the least count.
6. Weights are added one by one say 50g, then pin moves downwards while viewing through microscope. Again adjust the pin such that it coincides exactly with the cross wire.
7. The readings are tabulated and  Y is determined using equation (2).

Procedure for Real lab

Non-Uniform Bending

The given bar is supported symmetrically on two knife edges. The length l of the bar between the knife edges is measured. A weight hanger is suspended exactly at the midpoint of the bar. A pin is fixed vertically at the midpoint of the bar. A pin is fixed vertically at the midpoint of the bar with its pointed end upwards. The microscope is arranged in front of the pin and focused at the tip of the pin. The slotted weights are added one by one on both the weight hangers and removed one by one a number of times, so that the bar is brought into an elastic mood. With the some "dead load" W₀ on each weight hanger, the microscope is adjusted so that the image of the tip of the pin coincides with the point of intersection of cross wires. The reading of the vernier scale and vernier of microscope are taken. Weights are added one by one and corresponding reading are taken. From these readings, the mean depression (e) of the mid-point of the bar for a given mass is determined.  From the microscope reading, the mean depression (e) for a given mass is found. The value of is calculated and hence calculate the young's modulus of the given material bar.

Observations and Calculations of Non-Uniform Bending

Value    of   1 m.s.d        =         1/20
Number of divisions on the vernier, n = 50
Least count of microscope = 1 m.s.d/n = 1/1000 = 0.001 cm

Thickness of the material  bar “d”   =          ……………………….. mm.
Breadth of the material bar “b”      =       ……………………………cm.
Mean value of l³/e                           =        ………………………….m.
Load applied for depression     “e”       =       ………………………… m.
Young’s modulus of the material  bar , =       …………………………N/m².

Result

1. Young's modulus of the given material using non uniform bending method =...................................Nm^-2.