Aim:
- To obtain pure components from a mixture of organic compounds using steam distillation.
Theory:
Steam Distillation:
This technique is used for separating substances which are immiscible with water, volatile in steam & having high vapour pressure at the boiling temperature of water.
Consider two immiscible liquids. In the mixture one liquid cannot mix the properties of the other. So each liquid behaves as if the other is not present. Therefore each liquid will show it’s on vapour pressure but the sum of the vapour pressures will be much higher than the vapour pressures of liquids. Hence the mixture of two immiscible liquid will boil at a lower temperature than the normal boiling point. So this method can be used for purifying liquids with very high boiling points.
e.g. Aniline.
If water is used as one of the immiscible liquids the method is called steam distillation. It is also used for purifying liquids which decompose at their normal boiling points.
e.g. Glycerol
Steam distillation is used for separating organic compounds from plant parts. e.g. Lemon grass oil, Eucalyptus oil etc.
Intra and Inter Molecular Hydrogen Bonding:
Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding is present in o-nitrophenol. This is due to the polar nature of the O-H bonds which result in the formation of hydrogen bonds within the same molecule. This intramolecular H bonding reduces water solubility and increases volatility. But in p-nitrophenol, inter molecular hydrogen bonding (between H and O atoms of two different para-nitro phenol molecules) is possible. As a result of inter molecular hydrogen bonding, p-nitrophenol undergoes association that increases the molecular weight, whereby decreasing volatility. Thus o-nitrophenol is steam distillable while p-nitrophenol is not.
Para nitro phenol with inter molecular hydrogen bonding:
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAkQAAACKCAIAAADE/8LgAAAgAElEQVR4nO2dd3xU1bbHV2YmyaSRSiDSpCoCeVJECAihBUVQUAEbKnavYrmoAaQlEKpgw6siKqLYFRBBmiABFRWRLgpSIoGElMn0M6ft98e6s95mEnjqJWdOcvf3Dz6Tk0Nmz5lz9m+vtVcBJhAIBAJBHQfCPQCBQCAQCP5ThJgJBEwLout69d/6/X6Xy8UYkyQp5Fd4vq7rHo/HgHEKBIJzIcRMIDinmNGPiqIwxnw+H2OssrKSMSbLciAQ8Pv9dE6NQigQCIxBiJlAwEjJEP5XpaWlsiyrqhpyXNO0kBeBQMCY0QoEguoIMRMImF6N6udomqYoCppo+Jr+r9vtNnS4AoGgGkLMBIJ/U13S0K+o63pFRQWeQ3tjqqo6nU58XVVVFZYBCwQCQoiZQPB/kIyh45ExtmHDhgceeODSSy8FAABo167dihUr8GSXy6WqKgs6GMWemUAQRoSYCQRnQUqmadqGDRuSk5MBoGfPnsOGDevfvz9K2po1a/BkWZbZ2eEhAoEgLAgxEwjOgheziy++GACmTZvGGFNVVZKkKVOmxMTE9OnTBx2PkiRpmoa+R7TSBAJBWBBiZhYCgQCFwwUCAfRxLV26tFGjRjExMQBgsVjQLEhMTARDwPcFgOuvv542jRhjXq8XX/j9flaPJnHUJL/fj5bW0qVLo6OjAf79jNCnjoyMtFqtP//8M/5IyWcUEiIQCIxHiJkpwAkRAwpIIcrLy+Pi4ux2+8SJE2fMmDF+/PgXXnhh+vTpjz766LRaZsKECUuWLCkoKHjiiSfuvPNOABg/fjzjwh8wiViWZfSz1XUoRpH+9fv9eXl5ADB48GBFUcrLyxljbre7oqJi5MiRVqt169atvMALBILwIsTMFKA2MMYqKiro9QMPPBAZGZmfn49TraqqqHMGoGma3++vrKzUNK2kpCQlJSU5OfnQoUN0Agajy7JcPzaK+NIeKGYul2vy5MkxMTE9evQIOQ2DQXbv3k3RjMImEwjCjhAzs3D8+HEWNMsURVm3bh0AdOjQASdQr9erqirqnM/nU2oZdvb8/vLLLwPAmDFj8Ef8FZll9WAqRwFD7y46exVF+eijjwAgMzNTVVW8/ijhl112GQCcOXMG/6+qqvhfRNK0QBBGhJiZAtx24lUhJycHAFatWoU/UiaTpmnVKwRecFCoVFX1+Xz4dllZWREREZ9++imNkzKFDRiPASiKQisJPHLy5MnU1FQAeOWVV7CEla7rr7zyCi4ycAsNTdj64WsVCOo0QsxMQWlpKb7A+fSdd94BgJtuuokx5nA4GGNvvfXWqlWrvF4vSohWyzDGXn31VYziQ63avHkzALRt25asEHxRbwrsBgIBShQjcVqyZEl0dLTFYpk8efLEiROffPJJjMT5+OOPWfDLYoxpmib0TCAIL0LMzILH48E9mMrKysjISIvF8uuvv6Jg/PbbbzExMffddx9aA8ZYQjfccAMAbNu2TdM0t9ut6/odd9wBAPPmzcPR4tRPO3x1Gl3XKSYzEAhIkkTitG7duubNm0dERABARERETEwM7R3yfkXaPxMIBGFBiJkpoLBvxtjjjz8OALNmzcIfFUUZNWoUAJw+fZoFM3OrF166sDDGNmzYgP40HIYsyx6PJy0tLSkpCbeL6k1EPuNcix6Pp7KyMhAIkJhpmnbq1Knt27dv2LBh8+bNZBnTf8Hvjv8GBQKB8QgxMxQyaHjQrYf+ut27dwNA48aN0RhijK1YsQIApk+fzjj3V22jKIqu63fddRcAPPfccyzo7Zw4cWJERMTYsWPxNJ/PV7dqOJEftcZhK4py7NixVq1ajRkzBs1fcqLid6QoinAnCgTmRIhZGNB1XZZlFAx+jS/Lct++fQHgo48+wtlWUZS+ffu2b9/+2LFjFHBhzHyqqurWrVubN2+ekZGBkZZI27Zt4+Pj33//fYpJqUPz+7nEjEoJ5+bmAsCECRNY0IN66tQpv9/v9XrrRxKCQFBfEWIWBqo3x0Khevfdd7HcBh157733AGDx4sV4GsqeAR4tilCfPn06AEyaNIkFt4W2bNkCAL1798YzKUK9TkBKRt5UnkOHDqWmpjZt2vTYsWN0kF5TDKdh2X4CgeDPI8TMaKorGWNMkqSSkpI2bdokJCT8+OOPjDGHw+FwOC6++OIOHTrIsowTqGGhg5Ik4dxdVFSUmZkZHR391VdfKYqCSnDzzTfbbLYXX3zRmMFcQGrcHWTBgvc33XQTALz11luMsVOnTjHG2rRp89hjjxUVFcmyjI7WuuVWFQj+exBiFjYwRUmSJJwfJ02aBAAzZ85kQdtrwYIFALB+/Xo8HysqGTaZKoqCVXRXrlxJeQKMMafTefDgwcTExJSUlLKyMlYHI0FqlLS1a9fGxMR06tSJMeZ2u1VVXb58OQB89tln9B8ptzpcIxcIBOdCiFl4UBSFnxP3799vtVpbtGhx8uRJPHLkyBGr1TpixAiSCoq2MMbNhVtE+F6DBg0CgOXLl5OUTp482WazjRs3jtXNQD6SMXQ8+v3+fv36AcDnn3/OGPN4PLIsp6am9uzZE1MA8ToIMRMITIsQM0PhYz3ooNvtHj58ODm4NE3zeDzjxo0DgJ9//pnvlYWyYYyY8SNcv359cnJy27ZtS0pK8Fcul6tVq1YAUF5eXucsM0TnWr0sW7YsMjJy5MiRLGgBP/vsswCwadMmPBmvP34X9aB8l0BQ/xBiZig0D9KLkpISDKkYMmQIhjgyxjZt2hQXF4d2D2PM5/OhTcCCJRyNgddOzH6bOXMmpWy///77MTEx/fv3r6PbSLyYtW/fHgAoG/rEiRN2u33AgAEsGDOCx2nzUiAQmA0hZkYTUtiwqqqqRYsWAHDgwAGMDfH7/SNHjrTZbFgPMCygWca3OCkuLk5PT2/QoEFRURFN6FdddZXdbn/33Xfpv3i9XtQ2c1bEwGh7r9dLrtHKysopU6ZYrdann36aBR2Jd999t9Vq/fXXX8M4VIFA8JcQYmY05JTD0MTJkycDwJNPPkkWDwZcUDh+WEC5wiFRHf2FCxfabLbRo0fjObquf/fddwBw2WWXFRcXY7Affjp8bc69JfQiMsZ8Pp/H45EkqWnTpjExMX/88QdjTFGUnTt3AsAjjzwS1mEKBIK/hhAzo+HdVocPHwaAZs2aYVigJEkVFRWdOnVq3LhxeDei0MxCG0tVVVQ1v9/foUMHAFi5ciX9dtq0aQAwd+5cCgukao0mFDP8XHT9GWNjx44FgAULFpCt1qdPHwBQFKWO7gUKBP+dCDEzGhQznOixdO8777xDv5o3bx4AfP3113x5wLBAG3gIDvjzzz9v1KhR165dccOpsrJSkqSGDRtmZGQcPXoUz8fKIORHNRt8M50DBw4AQKdOnShSdPHixRERES+++KKqqnWosolAIBBiZii8Wfbll18CQN++fVlQKsrKyho0aIAVQMJePAknd7KuKisrUauw6vGSJUvoTMyHGzt2rCRJ5q+6W1RUxIKXd9iwYQDwySef4K/Ky8vbtWvXsWNH6sMpEAjqCkLMDIVsndLS0i5dugDAl19+Sb+9//77AeDbb78Ne/QEn0KA6ktmyubNm+12e4sWLVAVsCZIVlYWAHzwwQd4ThhDV84PLREURVm9ejUADB48mH6bn58fFRX19ttv0zlhGKJAIPhbCDEzFNyG8fl8M2bMAIAnnngCW6uwYPfLJ554QlVVdIWF0b7hPWxYEJn/LRYrefrpp91uN8rDypUrU1JSunXr5nK5MHikxuKHZkBVVSzunJ6eHh8f//PPP6MddubMmcaNG/fq1QtPw11MgUBQVxBiZig4vx8+fDg5OTk9PZ2K2Pr9/uuvv75JkyYnTpxgQRkLu2VAaorGmc/nUxQFS3A1atQoPj7+5MmTFO6BzTyxXwx+TBOKWSAQwKs6a9YsdI2S1/eee+4BgJ9++ql6kIhAIDA/QsxqC9p0QUlACwbDOkaOHGmxWObOnYsTq6Zpa9asAQAs3atpGgUpmA3S13nz5iUlJfXt25fE7Pfff7dYLJdccsmRI0fwCDlLQ1QtjCKNVqPT6WzWrFl0dLTD4cBv59dffwWAxx57TJZlGm3YFxMCgeDPI8SstqBwOFI1rPKH4fiDBg1ijAUCAV3XfT7fpZdempmZiWYZYc6dJ1KvLl262O32devW0SfNy8sDgAcffJBxNbc0TUPPHv2FMBo9GM+CTUfnzZuHB2VZvuGGGy6++OLt27fjmgO/MhNalgKB4FwIMasVcB7EmZH2nzBbq2nTpna7fevWrZTGtGjRIgB45ZVX8EcKUjBhaDhldjPGduzYYbVa27Rp43a78bgkSZdccgkAbN++nTGGVg5uUNXY+CYsFBUVRUREXHHFFQ6H4+jRo4wxNIunTJnCgtdcVVVhlgkEdQshZrUCCRXWwmBnl6+97777KCXL5XI1aNDgxhtvxIgDr9eL8SCGtS77qxQXF7Ogqj300EMA8Pzzz7OgN3Xt2rUAkJ2dzc52M1Zv7hwWVFWdMWOG1WpdsGABHWzfvn2rVq1Q2FjwypMBKhAI6gRCzGoFWtejmOFEf/To0YyMjDZt2vzwww905sSJEwFg69at7Gy7x7TbZhRs6ff7q6qqYmJiMjIySkpKdF3H8WMHAArT5zGDntFFxgXHq6++CgBYXpL3MZp2MSEQCGpEiFmtEBIRh/PjLbfcAgC5ubl02pEjRwDg8ccfx6kT95koKsT4Yf+/oIyhyYXjnD59OlYyJGN09+7dDRo0SEpKKi4uDlGvsMfr0/4l1lAuLi5u0KBBjx498PuiJYjf7xe1rASCuoUQs1oEJ0R0sq1ZsyY6Orp169aMsZKSEtStwYMH2+12bBJGZ5rcwXXq1Cl84XQ6z5w5wxjLzMy0Wq1YsBHtnrlz5wLAuHHjvF4vv/PHd3YOCyRmOM7Zs2dHRkZu3LiRBWNDQuqeCASCuoIQs9oCp0Va7Ldv3z4yMrKwsJDcXKtWrYqKilq4cCGaOyETqM/nM2EACKKqKjpOcYTr168HgBtvvJEiGE+cONG9e3eLxVJRUeF2u+kihN0yY2f3JHvppZdee+01dna/U1xMUOkTgUBQJ/i3mIU4VdBEYFzarKqqIb1LKOgOY69ZMAaMj0fHCdrr9Z7ruKZpeISW8KWlpfjWNOthhLqiKIFAAN+URkL7NHxJQKfTSX+fcZYE45J5aZ7iJ6wL6FkixcJ5fP78+Q0aNMjKyiLF8ng8zZo1a9KkiZnLGP55evfubbFYli9fTtErH330EQAMGDAAryolz+m6fsEDBfmiwJQo5na7Q4QTZQxHSN+1MMJMjs/n+5MPpjGLD35j25zJMxcWmuf5WZf6KCmKIkkSxQCHZYTEWZaZqqqBQADHJEkSOpGwxDuuqf1+Pz8TaZpWowGBwsMYq6qq4jfSazyuKEqNdyFfNl6W5WeeeSY2NnbhwoU4gFOnTj366KN2u33KlCl4ms/nmzt3bmZmZmJiIgBgkzDqy6xpmiRJNc5cuq7jbIiL8QsCC8qYw+GQZRkAOnbsSD6uQCDwwQcfAMCqVavcbnc9aF58+vRpAGjSpEllZSV9a926dYuJiXnzzTcZN9Fg0OYFvM48sizzTxTOO7Is4yYfPw3h02gGS1Hw/6IFH1780iVJwh57sizjcfrSL9R9dS4URfF4PLqu89Na/V4PUYINC2oBHg/Jo63+MBrPv8XM6XTSo84vhWocIq9e9Nrn83m9Xt7w4v/CuY7zUw92SmRcWTxd10nSsG8WHz2B6VmzZ89Gr9fIkSMBoHXr1ldfffXQoUMvuugiALjrrrtCwtJIjHlbs5ayoHA1kJubi0UXvV5vIBBwu93Hjx9v0aJFx44dTetI/Bs8+uijAPDyyy/7fD4Uj++//x4AOnTogJuCtbFw8/v9+KThN0h3oKZppaWlW7Zs2b9/Pwt6ESsqKj799NMDBw4wbvNMiJmZoQeEOpizapVZwvIN8rOKGebx2oNqmTIu0UjXdXyCMJAK14smsszKy8vRosSha5pGDroab5dAIED6x59QfZ2Cp53rONkluPJi1eo54Q1dUFAQGRk5Y8YMOoLyNnv2bMbY888/DwCNGjUqLi5WFMXr9ZaVlSUlJQHAe++9x78pruYYY6qq4iKLBb+wP3G5/ixkIuzatQsA/ud//odvKbJw4UIA2LhxIx6sB/m5sixXVlZecsklVqsVE9HwaX/mmWew9SVjDOs6MsZcLpd+gaAB8A8S3sZPPvlkXFxcq1at8CJLkvTUU081btwYbxhCM0cCnKBGSDP4dSerST9o1qpVaBLz+/2BQMDr9Ya9VVNtgx8ZZ0h8lMrKyo4ePbp58+aJEyfOnj17zpw5FMIWXv4tZtu3by8oKHjqqafy8vImTZr0+uuvo5J5vd7NmzfPnTs3Nzd3woQJzz333LfffssYc7vda9asefnllydNmnTfffd99NFHkiT5fL5AIPDiiy8uWLBgypQpubm5CxcudDqdHo/nXMcdDscLL7wwd+7c6dOnjx8//rXXXtuxYwdjDH0I/Cz/9NNPA8DMmTNxQpRlOT8/PyYmJi8vT9f11q1bN2zYcMKECXgyylVBQQFmKLNq7cE+++yzF154YerUqTNmzJgzZ8706dMnT56cl5c3/QJRUFCwcOHCxx9//PLLL4+Li1u+fDntjaG9cvvtt+OP5/Ky1kXefPNNABg5ciRebUVRSktLU1JSMjIyfv3119p4R/Q4+Xw+n89H60c8np+fj6uZWbNm4f0wZ84cMu5RC8O+lhT8GWi1EQgEqCdDWKq01IMdgb8E71ClmK+8vDyLxQIAkZGRuKGTkZFx+PDhsC/K/y1m7dq1s9vtUVFROL60tLT58+ejDmMObGxsbHx8PADccsst+F+ys7MBoGHDhvh58vPzGWOSJKWmpgJAfHx8bGwsVWk6z/EmTZoAQExMjNVqpaKFjDFN0zweD003BQUFycnJ9I50HWfMmKHrOgBERUWtXLnS7/eTl/Lrr7+Oiorq3bs3C1Z8p8vdrl27Bg0a4F+w2Wz43VxAcHhNmzbFH/fu3Yvv63K5nnnmGZvNtmfPHhZcTtb2d2wMWJAea+evX7+ejr/yyisAkJmZ2bt370GDBl1xxRVZWVlXXSCGDBly1VVX9enTZ/jw4ddee223bt1GjBjx6quvMsZeeukletKwO8HEiRPtdnt+fj66r/mRG361BH8W2hKjJ0XjordwyUuBXWotg++LoQPkPTJ5Ls1/SEjrjLfffjshIaFx48YrV67csmXL3r17sd1Et27dwjpMxng3I900qMb4Gl2i7OxwDOxZRZ3m6TvGiETcL1FV1e124+c/ceLEuY57PB5cxdMyORAIeDyekClekqQnn3wSAAYMGDB9+vQJEybk5uZmZ2cnJCRMmzbN7/fHxMSQZlDqMYaM9+3bN8RHwa/f+YnsQvm+9OB+6Z49ewDgySef9Pv9tKbbunXrF198ga8rKyvrjY9L13Wfz7d69eqbbrpp586dFGWKoS4tW7bMzMy89tprs7Ozr7766uwLRL9+/bKysnr16jV48OB+/fplZmbm5OTk5eU5nc7nnnsOALBr6L333nvmzJlnn302MjJy2rRpvGsRhx3WKyc4H2QZ0Ne0c+fOvn37Dhw48Oqrr87JycnOzr7qqquys7MHDhzYr5bp2bNnr169+vfvP2LEiNGjR2MN0voN78+vqKjo2rUrAMybNw+nuNLS0kAgkJmZCQD79u0L60iDYkZCxYd+kHua7ztMkoNHaFVSfUcU53Teh3au4xQk6ff7adsM5Y3OnDlzptVqnTNnDu144X7MpEmTGGNt27YFgJdeeon+u6Ion3zyic1mu//++2mQ+H95E41xTozaCMeYMGECAGzevBn/Pr9JRpeaj7Kro9BuKzs7ctfr9ebk5NAVYMFGARd20UB/lh9Sbm5uRETEpEmT2rdvDwC7d+/GTdapU6fSOfUpAKe+QhqGC2uHwzF16tSEhIRWrVr16tVr0KBB2dnZWVlZffr0GThwYN9apk+fPoMHD+7fv3/r1q0tFsuCBQtqKXbMJOBMRbbvt99+CwCJiYkej4cmfL/fjzFueXl54RyraZOmyYTHGd/v92PZJJyJ0MrBMhNz585ljL3wwgto6hYVFeFVPnnyJK4X1q5dq6oqX9/BAMc33gTYiDk1NfWKK65gXAQdTsEUHV7bgzGAEBcQJSbPmzcPAEaNGsW4GlEG7BGqqlpQUBAdHT1x4kTsudO5c2dc/cycORNHSBlp9cbTWy/BpR5mdOm6vmvXroSEhIYNG7rdbppPyYFU2+Dqp7Ky0uVytWjRomfPnvxv699zjZDpsmnTJtwSol/hRD158mQAWLhwYXjGF8SkYoa43W68TSVJwrzjadOmsWB+G8rblClTvF7vTz/9NGTIENybmTlzZkFBQffu3QHg7rvvxkgbvM8Ms4Hw7fgJnS+8yxsu9aPSBD66uFtJtvsff/zRsWPHjIwMDOpBDFOO2bNnA8CECRMkScJ1z6WXXkpeXzqtHlz8+g2mdrHgnYObsrgtSoS4iwxAVVV0unzyySeUOl3/nmuKP3A6nT6f79ChQxgNwBjzer3kJMOpePz48eEcq2nFLCTt//Tp00888QQA5Obm4oakJEnTpk1r2rQpRVr7/f57770XAKKionDn/9FHHy0qKmLcKsnIUugknF6vt1mzZp06dXK73WQjVv+3rqNy6Q24gMUAVPQD85v2BixaHQ7HlClTbDZbXl6ez+c7depUWloaAKSmps6cORM92Lqu+/1+4Wk0OfwXtGzZMgC45pprUNhcLhftIGDnWwNAWwS9LO3atWvcuDELlptg9fG5xqcVn9/Tp0+npaVZLJb58+fTCS6Xq2HDhpdddhmFAoQLk4oZ4vP5+PQsmhA9Hg8ln2OsCqYnezyegwcP/vjjjxs3bvz555/5v4MvcEluzIqJr7P13nvvQbD9I+orhq3jmfUjQBwXcfi9yLJ89OhRi8XStm1bykGhb4H6nNUq6FREU54x9tFHH0VERMDZefcCk6MH48LKy8sdDkfz5s2jo6MxEZ5x1ekYl89b2/Az0qpVq2w22/Tp01k9fa7pmSWj88knn4yJiWnVqtWuXbsYY06n87777gOAtLS0sI0yiEnFjL8PZFnG2hmMixNlXOka/JG2ZGhBhOZ/IBCgI7igM8DZSKPCupSMsSFDhtjt9oqKCpfLxQ+gfmSu0NYmC6alozto2bJlLBglhJmIzBD7WNO0t99+Oycn56233goEAugkefjhh6+77jocEt4SIbmMArNBayPG2NSpUyMiIp544gnGZfIyxpxOZ/UCQ7WE2+0+cODA119/Te/euXPnZs2a1dfnGlOH+SPFxcXoVMTNs5iYmOTk5Pbt2+/fvz/sblWTihlyfn8Uvy6jEH/GmKIoFGjAB7xRTI4B8xf5QllQ2AoLCy0Wy2233ca4AFHMDa8He8VkKOOHxXD8ESNG0IYHnmCYmxeHUb0OLGXd0izJL7QFZoPiY48ePWq1Wi+++OKysjLyr0yePPm9996jmCNjhjR8+PCmTZvi8xsIBH755Rer1Vpfn2sWNHkxpY/ss/Xr1w8aNKhz586dO3ceOXIkM0dgsHnFjDY28EdN00gbQux3vj46/pfz3EbG7NnQPc24TKaHH34YAH755RcWXPLgqifsK5oLAl5Vp9NZWlp6xRVXJCQkYBYOfnZK/jPmpqdVCy2Wy8rK+O8d/dJI/djbqMdQ5dWCggIWNIk++eSTiIiIe+65B88xxnetadoXX3wRGRk5duxYOjhixIj6+lzjB/H5fHfdddfLL79Mywi62vTCDB4Ok4oZv67h5Uflatjous7PjCrXBwShYBuy1Vi1ula1B33NtPY/ePBgWlpaTk4OX3myfrSAYZwZlJ+fDwA33ngjC5pi/OdlRu0l4GXHJRE+hJTOWFJSMm/evHfffZeCtQTmhG+YN3jwYBb8WiVJ6tq1q9Vq3bBhg9vtpr4ZxownKyurQYMGeF+5XK6qqqp6/Fyrqrp7924AQAdvSEcYmpDN8HlNKmb1FXQ3f/PNN1QTpG4t385VsJw26rEXTEpKiizLJqysQVc7MTExKSkJy1zxufx8Jdn64SaqE1D+Fu0a0J12+PDh9PT0hISE7777js585JFHkpKSqLQev7VW23i93l9++QUAxowZg0eqqqqmTp0aFRW1Y8cO0jOs7mbAeC4U5EHBrwA/CD4aXbp0SU9Pp3A8us704JjkkwoxM5STJ0926NDhkksuoa/fGPfIhSKkngsfjo8VxDH55tVXX61eksMMkI8ak/9yc3P5bliMMVmWhdcxLNA+Qkhj2ylTpgDArFmzWDBi8Jdffmnbtm1GRsaRI0cqKyvxtBMnThgwSLxVHA7HQw89BAA//fQTHi8uLm7cuPFll12G46+jNX1w2ORJwh2yDz/8EACWLl1Ka9Pdu3ePHTuWr5SPEV5hX5cLMTOat956CwBef/11Zg5H899DD5Yt553AGzZsAICuXbsyE0dz4TPp9XovueQSLE7NznZrm3bk9RuK1eIN+lWrVrVp06Zt27a8Vl1//fUA8OyzzzJu5jXmW0OjRJKk3377LSoq6o477sDICMbYq6++iuG7NJI6VIAYb378IDTsQCBw5syZVq1ade3alayxqqqqG2+8EQCw7zGqu0laWQkxMxSv16tp2vDhwxMSEo4cOYIH62JAHU49JADY3O66664DgHXr1jETR1XQY7lq1SoA6NmzJxqRvJWpcb3CBQaAAsYXL8X7B++oJUuWsOCuDO6fYY12kj38X8a4tcl/iF0JCwsL8X0DgUDv3r0xh1qSJMMqbF0QSJKpeRNK2syZM3FbhM5cunQpAAwZMgTP5LcJhWX238iaNWsAYPLkyfijGfZO/xI1+g+XLFkCABinyzvczYbGtT6/6667sHdeSxAAACAASURBVAQ4/oq8Q/jCDNHG/yWQDmEYEX5Hr7/+OnA9oRhjxcXFV1xxhcVi+eqrr+g06vVh5FADgYDD4YiKisIbHuPXP//8c6oWW+cealw9oFmJg9+9e3dERMSoUaNoVVdUVNSsWbPExMS9e/fiZac8WjNkiAsxMxq8af7xj38AwJ49e0y4sXR+qmc+6LrudDpbtmwJAAcOHOAT+8IxwPNBgSooV0eOHGnYsGF8fDwWlaAHsi7aynWdkAVEaWlp48aNKeQdRS4vLw+C7XZxsxlvNiqqYAD4jhim+69//QsA3n77bfotphCcPn2a1bXtcMYtCPD+v/rqqwHg2LFjWIePMYZ9uDBBgnLO+FJH4UWImaFQMcDDhw9HRETceuuthpXhuSBQ7xU6gvVZMEoT6/qQz92Elhn6EilkjjH28ssvA8DYsWMxTB8z66nHXnhH+18FLSBkWfZ4PJMmTQIArLyKvzp48GBiYmKjRo1QKhh3g2HWoDHGQUimUOvWrS+++GIWLOd24sSJ5OTk2267jY+PMD/8nhljTFXVlStXRkVFYQU+xpjH49m2bVtCQkLPnj2PHj3KOAejeVpPCDEzGmxtyhjDJkD79++vW7FPvJgpioKdDSIiIpKSkljQ7tR13cwfipxaOBt269YNAH744Qd2dra7iAQxEv6+2rdvHwC0a9fu1KlTeMTj8YwZM4bkjfbYGPc1GbN4op6OOIx33nkHOyni4CsrK8eNGwcAfG1Y80MyRmvrSy+9tHHjxn6/nzb/+vTpAwArVqxgXN0l3hUfdj0TYmY05A8pLy9PTk7u1KkT/SpkkjWnZUC1MxRFQd8CRpetXbuWphVUMnOOn3Hb3Ywxh8Oxd+9eAGjatCnjHmbhaTQSXod0Xe/Xr5/Vav3000/xFpIk6euvv8au8UY2vjgX/BgqKipycnLS0tLQUqmsrHQ4HMnJyTk5OYyrAUT/y+fzhX3Srw4V6MEfcbfys88+o7qAb775JvZtZ+bYHqsRIWaGwi9kfD7f4sWLY2JiXnnlFRb0QZMemNMsQPX69ddf6ci6desA4Lrrrvv999/pIF8H1lTwjdTpRXl5OTYYwkgQ3OoQ0R9Gglti5eXlkiRhi4mBAwfy9n2rVq1iYmKwSHQYk/HxralhPR5cu3Yt+dgZY5qmYauaN954g539FOBSyYSLPLrOp0+fdrvdLVq06Nq1K6qv3+/XNM1isdhsNq/Xy9eBMxtCzAyFv7NxPu3Vq1d6enppaSmqlyRJKBimDW3H4amqivd6+/btAWDDhg34W8xKNrIiw1+CripFgiAnT57MyMiw2+1FRUXmrF1S76F6hvHx8QBACyZJkvLy8iwWywMPPMAYow2zMA6SqqPhukfX9euuuy4yMpKS4RRFadKkSceOHSVJQp3Gh4W2Y02I1+tFrcWWLocOHQoEArj/fccddwDA/PnzTfhE8wgxMxq/389XTC4sLKQCB3jHU1yQCd0RLNiiHpW4oKAAAB588EEqzYUF63DkJrz16ZJi5Sreu/XSSy8BwK233sqCPkbTrifqJXi3YGFPbOiKX9ahQ4cuvfTSxMREvPH4quLhgrpD4AOrqurBgwcBYNy4cSwYrY4FBP71r39R2ym+4rbZoHT1Q4cOxcbGYqUun88ny/KePXvS0tIuv/xyrP3GTJwMLsTMaBRFwdta07Ti4mLG2PDhw5OSkg4cOMDMvVvGuMwejPvIyMho0KABLaLJIEOjx4RixheTxM+C+2fYKRjjqj/88EM8R4iZYeB3sWXLFgDo3r079rfE64+Fo/iwxjBCffv4hSbe5w8++CAAFBUVkVxlZ2fHxcWVlZWFNAc2QxR7dXBUnTp1aty4cWlpKV3q3r172+32F154AX80rWXJhJgZTEjMNz4S+/fvB4C7776bBQNeZVkOqTRvEvjWBHfffTcmnZyrXoYJxYzVlCdHlb9/+uknAGjZsmWdqxJbD6ioqBg+fDhtNSEobxj7Xl5eHvaatiRUfO8OxpimaSdOnLDZbNjYDPnuu+8A4J///CfjFkZmCGA5F1988QUNGPn000+pQB1jjIJLzYkQM0OhW5kcXOinfuihh9LT09euXUsLH3Pa8rhec7lce/futVqtzZo1Y0EBDlEIM4tBjYYvDhjTcufMmUM5oQID8Pl877//vtVqHTp0KB7BYJCsrCzKmqAc5PBum9HNI0kS9b7Ag3PmzAGA1atXs6ANd//999vt9p07d0qShGs7rJVsNtAUbtasWbdu3RwOh67rLpfr9OnT6enpLVu2xHrK+ETwnSXMhhAzo8F2tPyGTSAQqKysjIuL69evH+Mag5nTstE0TdO0Pn36WCyWTz75JMTzQ2M27R1PkIMRf8RvxOVyJSYm2u32EydOmFmP6xm6rkdGRgJAaWkpVq9mwV3MkSNHogcMBSPsycgul6t6GBdjTNf106dPN23aNDMzE4/4fL4TJ05ERUX17duXBZ3zzKzPNSrxwoULWTC4ce7cuQAwfvx4vpSJOff8ECFmZmHRokXR0dEvvvgiq3a7k7wxA0UC15IhvYtwfl+6dKnVas3Ozkbz0ZwP598A25RjaDi2gmRci1eSbTPng5ufQCCA7gd+GfTYY49hRx4WrNLidDozMjLS09NxLxnvMbwJzXm/4cfBHOqPPvqI9sUXLFgAAF9//TXGU7Bwj5/uXvTZ4r/l5eVpaWnXXHMN5aX88ssv0dHRjRo1wn19XEmgcWbaHX0hZqYA155JSUmtW7dm1fK08Lc+nw8zb/Bpr1Wqj9Dn8+Fbl5eXX3755QCwa9cuxmUZ12nIeaIoyunTp2+//XYAWL58OcZn0gLC6/UKJftPIDc79eFkjG3evDk2NrZNmzZOp5PuvQceeACjfClkn5l4GUGfq7S0tEuXLh06dMDtJV3Xi4uL27dv36RJEzwh7M+LLMv4IPP2JRZd/Oabb2h4OTk51KmKBQUMzTLTxoAIMTMRS5YsadCgAcYlM8ZcLhe/CDLScefz+VRVdblcDodDlmUtWI9O13XsCvHwww/jmfXDF6coCj9R7ty5EwDatGmDTi3sO8oYoz0SwX8IXcbS0tJRo0YBwLvvvsuCTogVK1ZERUW1atWK4qHwZHPGARIoD++//z4APP/883gQtwMB4LXXXjtXqJSRkBcX8fl8mFeAAWjIu+++GxUVddVVV+GcI0kSjpmCmQ0f9Z9CiJkpoG7lAwYMiI6OPn36NN1GqCuKovD3U21bZtU9CZqmeTyeffv2NWrUqGnTpmVlZeRJN+16+c+jcRkRuq7LsoytqB955BE8gff0Cj37T3A4HOidxjt80aJFADBq1CjGmMfj8Xg8gUCgc+fONpsNG+MxLvSDt9LMhqqq6DthjPXp0yctLa28vBzXQKqq9u7dOzU1taqqKryl9PlHGy9jWVnZtm3bbrjhBozyUFX10KFDHTt2pLx1r9dLPl5FUUyrZEyImUmgteemTZuSkpLuvPNO+lWIQeZ0Og0w0WgJiY8o3sGBQODee+/FYD/GlXk18/39NyBPS8eOHSMjI/GRxmtuzt2augUf1L5///5OnTpFRkbu37+f7uoXXngBAG666Sb8MRAIhJQSNuH9Rh8Kh4oFrvLz81nwnsEWhvPnzzeJcSlJErlGHQ4HlvzHtHSMu8E+O4zzoJq2Rh0hxMwsuFwuvO+xnAxW3cYYWfwtX71XrWVwSLQiw0lkw4YNFoulQ4cOfLqPaR3ofxW8vLzVtWrVqtzcXNQ2/LzmD9E0OXTb4JXEQvjYH4s6Fzds2DA2NvbYsWOSJPEeAjM7APg4KbyFcNv19OnTGPXOGBsxYgQAHD9+PGyjPNsyq74y83g8Bw8eTEhISElJYUFvBJ7GJ5iadmdBiJkpoOWPLMu//fZb27ZtO3fujEc0TZNlee7cuaNGjRoyZEjPnj179uzZr5bJysoaPnz4a6+9RiMsKirKycmx2+20JyxJEi7o6gGk3yFLbIJ/gIWk/SfQmmzDhg1RUVGdO3emS33s2LGnnnoKACZOnMjOjpVAH1dYBvwnwRUexgeyYCUEyqH2+/1HjhyJjo4ePXp0GAepKEqIhum6jsYiPsvPPvssACxatIjO13Udt4rJu2tONy8TYmYqqGdrXl5eamrqsmXLaN4cN25ct27dsrOz+/Xr179//761THZ29oABA+bOnYu3vsPh+PLLL6mHfUlJCT0SIRV76yj4cSjTgKZXjILB17SvadqH2fzwi4Zu3brZbLZVq1bhEbfbjW3MMBP/yJEjjDFZlkPqfPKzqqnA9Sg+wpjWfe+990ZHR3///fd4gs/nmzBhQkpKyueffx7GcVK+TfUyN3yJc/xtSMUir9dr2rh8JsTMJKhcuz/GmKZpLVu2bN68Od46FRUVeEJIa/naA4dB93pJSUmLFi0iIiIqKircbje/7WHmm/vPQ/MjlnXAGBA8vn379meeeWbw4MFdunQZPnz4Bx98gOnV+F2Q9UDhObUKen4oW8Dv93/33Xfr16+nmGlZlrds2bJmzRoaEt45+/bt+/rrr1esWEH9tDAvCv1Ohm3kUEeChQsX4sYYXmdUgg4dOgDAjh078KDJTbFzgWU/kbS0tB49ejDG8MHRdR0Ahg0bJssyXyYUX1zYRaGu67QU5p2EhYWFqKZUt2Hr1q14hPpwsuB++QUcjwEIMTMRtCsgSdIHH3xAe8gEBusbVm7V6/Wie+fhhx8GgLy8PAptQvQgxoyn9qAG2fxBRVGmTJkCAAkJCdHR0RCEOlcxxqqqqkjYjAEtRZyGqqqqUlJSrFYr4/Q4JiYmOjoaixIxxmbMmJGampqSkhIZGWmz2QBgzJgxOE95PJ6QLU+9lsF3OX36dEZGRnJyMhZix4uPFSgeeughFGY1WDCzzsGL2aRJk2w225YtW/BXqqq+9tprAPDee++xYB8lfKD0YCTtBYH/WkMM2ejo6Pj4eGzdh0RERDRt2pRmlbBXc/7bCDEzEbSSwnuxW7dul1566apVqzZv3vzZZ5998803hYWF33zzzTfffPNVLfPtt99+/vnnX331Fa7jYmNj27dvX1paqp893fMzVJ0GPwVJGorTZ599ZrfbAeD777/HherOnTsjIiJiY2P37t2r6zpfvzEQCKB+1CosuC1PFiEAWCwWnBDPnDnjcDiioqIAAE+YNWtWQkJCYmLi+PHj8/PzJ06cGBMTk5qaioVmaJrD1lwG2Gc4qjvvvBMAnnvuORacOouKiqKjo5OSkn7//Xc1WBOgtgdTG9A3hR9B1/XWrVsnJCTgjhT67po3b96yZUtaFOLCojYCqTRNI7FkjFVVVTkcDgCwWq2pqan4jsePH8cbBr8IRVHIr17nHm0hZqZA0zS85zBLFO9vbImUkZFhsVgAIDY2loyDyFomMTGR3gXf/dVXX60+7Dp3u58ffLyxJ6Esy/369QOA+++/nwV3whlj999/PxoQ+F8URZk3b17//v179+49cODA7Frm448/5gcsSRLORBh6gAKARiRjbPfu3Q0bNsTSt/RNrV+/HgA6depE7SK9Xq9hbkan0/nDDz8AQGZmJjZSwQXE448/jpHrjLGTJ0/qQTPFmFFdKKovPqqqqlasWGG1WpcvX84Y8/l8mqZt3LgRc6hPnjxJ//fC+vTO89cAIC0tDQAw/8fn88XGxiYmJrJgqhyeZpIUgr+EEDNTQB2SyMbH9dHy5cvff//91atXf/fdd5s3b16zZs3333+/a9eu2rbMVqxYsXHjxm3btv3www/r1q3bsWMHPzZceNa5ueY81Lg6BgC73V5YWEhHdF3fsmWLzWa76qqr8IjD4Xj00Ue7d+/et2/fa665prbF7JlnnlEUhcwyj8eTkpJis9nWr1+/cePGL7/88quvvsKKvYyxV155BQAuueQSXddlWabsjri4OMr9wA+O997s2bNrO7Bo+PDhjRo1slgsy5YtY1wQr91ub9u2LVaU14JlAepQ44IabWgkEAi0a9cuPT2doooCgcCgQYMSEhL69u07cODAHj169O7de8iQIVdeeeUFvNQDBw685ppr+vfvn5WVdcstt6xcuRLfHVfDmBZ9+PBhOsJ/HFmW+SoBdQUhZqaAek8zTjPw7qf9GHIEGfaQl5aWhpRxQxlDn1t9EjOKleD3afAh//7779F/qKpqRUUFGhbZ2dkYKsK44iBOp/NCuhRrAt8oEAjg9xIIBAAAd8KSk5MBID4+HgCio6OdTue0adMAYOjQoSHr9P79+wMAbuTgLef3+10u12233VbbYtyjR48uXbpQs02+zxF6JrBqRp0rG0ZOxRAlw2f5l19+2bdvH38+Fh+45pprBg0adOWVV1555ZVDhw7t1avXhbrOQ4YMyc7O7tWrV1ZWVo8ePUaPHo0hHlVVVQ0aNIiMjPzwww+jo6P79+/v9/vRUMOB8Rt4dQ4hZmZBD27VkIFfUVGhKIrH41FV1e/303EDNsZxycwn+tCUrWka7mrQr+ro9kYIOOOjSOMnatasWVRUFNoQxDvvvBMVFTVs2DAy4wz++FVVVbxjEP3Pu3bt+uSTT7Zt27Zt2zYUM8bYpEmTEhMTe/XqxZdQqqqq6tWrl8Vi2b17t6ZpDoeD1iUYXlTbYlxVVRUTExMbG7tnzx4cElaB0nUdi1njwbqVzEcRH9VlQNd1zJvGHQRN07AaSJ8+fQ4dOsQ/y+jKviCgw5CvbOB0OnF9QHbYsGHDAODzzz/H9RBjTJIkl8sV0ne0DiHEzCygftBuLe4YV/d9G9a0kybrysrKkFwfvVrUnzFDqj30YKUVBB/7m2++2W639+/fXw82K2CM9enTBwAWLFiAZ+Jn14PR7RcqBP9c0FdAqcc0N5FZj4aaJEkrV660Wq02m03XdYwFYIx5PJ7ExESr1cp3iUTLjNV+NCPm8C1fvhwArrvuOhoAfhy0Y8gmM3NT5hDOJWa0McmC6yTGWHZ2ttVq3bRpE+OeMurZdkHAvxmy6GSMud1u3GRljO3evbt58+ZNmza1Wq14JOTuqnOLVCFmAgFjZ0dmKoridrsrKiowgOKee+4pLCwsLCy85557AKBhw4bnWYnXKqidWMUc50EAiIuLQzumoqJC1/WYmJj4+HjsA9CsWTOr1Zqbm0uZRnfddZfFYrn22mvR1MY/aORuPw4DU8qwyxceJw2rWw7G8xNi5VRVVWFU1w033MD3yzYsqcvn89nt9oiICHxHbL+ZnJyMpjxVYcUh1blFqhAzgaCGhDlZlr1e7/HjxwcMGIB+GLR4BgwYcPz48XCJGd+jEl9U373HI7i43r9/f5s2bQDgiiuu6N69e3Z2dlRUVHp6OpoFjKu8xwzx7OHbVVRU/PzzzzabrUWLFiyoXvTudEkNvra1BAXla5rm8/kw1hR7AbKzswaNAaOU9WA1huuuuw5vGPJMUBPROocQM4GAsZpy5vCIy+VasmTJ9OnTp0+fvmTJEtxYIiWr/r8MAN1HsixXVFTccMMN2dnZPp/P4/HgSHJyckaPHk2lifx+/6BBgwAgNTU1JiamZcuW9HdcLhe1JGVG9QSgNgv/+Mc/AGDmzJl4vPrKoB6IGdqddGH/+c9/8pUQvF4vv4Awxjjr1avXTTfdVFpaimuIVatWDRo0aPTo0bRbSZZxnZM0IWYCwb+pPntigR/avMEX6M2rcZeitpEkqXqhWHqNv6peQA+n1D/++IOcXVQBBE8wbHcK3xcDWBwOR2pqakZGxsGDB2n8/IReD8SMBa0uXdd37NiBlSerqqpw75CUTDOwaWdZWRnvVcbCWtiEFl/TZTdse/5CIcRMIPg/9JpS6OjhD9lbCpeksaAXtKSkRFEUv9+PauR0OkmWSktLFUXBCDoadsgOP4J/gRkymepcwUDG2NSpU7F1Fu2c8aEHdW7Ppjp4V+CXcu2110ZFRWFOAuPsMAxXNmY8FNeKO6aSJJ05cwaP8Pc23+2sDiHETCD4P3Rdx2wzlLTKykoqMU79Ofl8UpIxdDwaMML/tw5k9a0vWozLsqxVqyQZ0r6utqE0SsxfbNeunc1m27BhAx7Ea0h9Xw0YT61CH3bFihVxcXHYdAKh1Eb6vgy4/vRd8/cq3wKGwlLqYoVGIWYCwVnPtnZ2Il3Iqrn6IlrnCsvW9jgZ1/5b13X0C+Fy2+Fw4AAoJg3rROP/0oJNI1lwGsVwNb58uwHgvPnbb7/REcxzGjp06KFDh+gg9QQwbGC1B6pC69atY2NjP/74Y7SVsWQaO7snjjGWKCXzkTVM+6Y+n2/y5Mk//PADE1XzBYI6Ssg8QvM72mcU60E/hpxsmJhJklSjZYYDlmUZvUOox/gr7DyCr/Eg7eLwf9aYDRJVVXHt7/f7qeEIZu9++OGHpF74GetW3nSN4NeBvReoUSeCdhhmWTCjNqj46mV0I9Gte+jQIZvNdt9993m93jqnZEyImUAgMJIa8/maNm2akJCAOsf/Nmyj/ItQ7R5+tw9f//77782aNUtJSfnjjz/wZDNbnA8++GBSUhL1rGHBqJwa10ZmQ4iZQCAwiHPl8+Xn5wPAgw8+yIJF1GqjJUrtoes6dS1ARyJjzOFwKIqC4fgzZ85EPTCnEuA2sCzLhw8fTk9PHz58ePU8eqxgYmaLTYiZQCAwjhrz+crLy7EAMRbkrR6lYn5424UOFhYWAkDbtm0paMicrVXwG0ExxhBTqrJPBAIBMysZE2ImEAgMpkbrBCNBsGAjVZ40emR/l5CyVV6vF4+MGDECANauXcuCamfa1ipoEAcCgTNnzlx++eWXX345buNRdwgMOGJGJXf/DYSYCQQCownJ58NYj9GjRwPAO++8gyZCHUp1ovQ4PrHvrbfe4uspY9Cp3+83oUjz25OyLL///vsAsHjxYjzCV7piQswEAoGACMnnQzHbt2+fzWZLT0/HFsx1q5wSzvjki3M6nU2aNImLi9u1axdqMzlOTehBpUuNRpjT6RwyZEhqaiqG5FCYrsmTz4SYCQQCgzhPPh/qWUFBAQBMnDjRhDP++SHzhf8geXl5jOsLiJphTpGm5qiMMUVRdu7cCQCTJk3ia7KgZWba1jBCzAQCgUGcK5+PBbOGKyoqWrVqBQDFxcXmnPRrJKRH+bFjx6KiolJSUhwOBwoASkKdUGisv6Wq6ogRI2JiYjAkh98tM+2nEGImEAjCD5WweuONNwCgV69e7GyDgAUnUxPupaHXFL1wkiQNHDjQbre//fbb4R7XX6DG/D/K9UZzk8JbwjjO8yDETCAQhBlenzweD0aCvPHGGyzovqMkLXNGH5AR6Xa7t27dGhkZmZmZGd4h/SXOlf/3/PPPA8Dq1av5M8MxwD+FEDOBQBBm+PrCjLHCwsK4uLh27dpVVFSQUwtnW9OWBVEUBWv1XnTRRbGxsVQ6ua5QY/6f0+lMSUnBhnn0RZhzPcGEmAkEAjNA5W4dDoeu65i6O2PGDBaMSqBAQRNOplSWd9asWQBw9913szpYW7K61eV0OleuXAkAS5cuZcFYR9MWZxFiJhAIwoymadRqC2P/SkpKLrroIqvVypfYN3M0IOqZzWZr3rx5UVFRnVMyJCT/D3Wrbdu2HTp0cDgcsiybOTpfiJlAIAgz1JUGf0QL4PXXXweAe++9lwV3zgzrk/I3kGX57rvvBoCnnnoq3GP5+4Tk/zHGvF7vxo0bAWDOnDnM3KlmQswEAoEpqKqqQoMG4+UkScrJybHb7Z9++ilZY+a0eDRNwzKMLVq0YMFiH2aOlQjhPPl/+FkGDhzYqFGjAwcOMLNaxkyImUAgCDt8AhN1FmXBQr3t27dnXES4OY2zLl26xMfHb9u2DXf4mFnHWSPnyv+j9LLjx48DwCOPPGLCDUtCiJlAIDAvI0aMiI+Pz8/Px2kU3VxUMopxhoIBFgM292JcT7LS0lLG2LJlywDgmmuuYYyVlZXhSMxpRP4l+EbYY8eOBYDffvvN5/MpiuLxePiEM8M6rZ8HIWYCgcCkaJrmdrsBoFGjRigSgUAAJ03eRDhz5gz1w6xV8O1QyVBW/X5/WVlZ8+bNY2Njd+zYQUPyeDzU2Kzu4vP5vF4vqrLP5+vQoUOHDh1CzsE25WZQbiFmAoHA1EyZMgUAbrzxRgyuq6qqooZnZWVlWH7JmJG4XC4cA98ADIc3adIkxlhlZaXL5eL3nOo6+EFQvx999FG73b5nzx6v1ytJEl4EVVXNoGRMiJlAIDAtFDvXqVMnANi+fXvICVQTxO/3O51OvZZhXFNmxpiqqgcPHrTb7U2aNDlz5gwOyfxNLP88fBlGVDXetchHuKiqSq7XcCHETCAQmBecMVesWBEdHZ2VlVVZWYl2QIg1Zox+oDMTM+HwHW+//XYAWLRoEQvu4dGv6oGbES8+Xmq64JgmoWlaIBDw+/3o+MUYyDAOlQkxEwgEZubMmTNoBmHX5jfffBOPK4oSCATGjBkzYMCA7t27X3311d27d7+qlhk6dOihQ4fIXvn0008BoG/fviwY7sE356wfVFVV8eE2vNfRbAgxEwgEJoWahPn9/j179rRv395qtbpcLlmW0SbIycnp3r17v379Ro0a1aNHj+xapkePHmvXrsUhVVRUdO7cOTEx8bPPPmNB9yNtldWhuPzzQ5kGx48fxxcUNSpJktvtpg2zsJe5EmImEAjMDs6YWLBx3LhxrJoNhE4wA/bMFEVBywzLMN5xxx0saKlUVFQwzuEZ9sn9PyekdZke7An+ww8/LF++fOrUqdOnT1+9ejV+8LAjxEwgEJgUMgJItJo0aRIVFfXtt9/ij2VlZTjhBgIBI42h8vLy+Pj4+Pj4qqoqve5U+virKIqCXwFd21OnTt18880QJDIyEgCysrJYUMXJUPP7/W63m/IoyMiuqKigv+nz+ejq0SLA7/fTukGWZXprl8uFqqkoCm1P8lGjQswEAoFJoUkNfwwEAh9//DEA3HLLLR988MH333//1VdfSWiI5AAABHZJREFUbdu2bdu2bZs2bdqxY8eWWmbr1q2rV6/+4osv7rjjjpiYmAULFphz9+gCwhtnLpcrNzfXYrF06tSpsLBw27ZtW7ZsueyyywDgnnvuwXN0XcdgfZIZNJplWSYDTlVVh8NBJ5w5cwbFqbKyEs1ZXLvQtXW73Rh0g2Mg2cODJGxCzAQCgakhMcNI/WHDhgGA3W6PjY0FAJvNRoZCRC0DANHR0c2bNweAtm3blpeXhzji6h+KoujBfLKffvopOTkZAA4ePBgIBHCbcNeuXREREQkJCSy4x+lyuWbPnt2oUSP6XiwWy+zZs/Pz85OSkgAgLi4uKirKYrGMHj26tLR00aJFaWlpeHmjoqIA4LnnnnO73YsWLcL/Hh8fb7FYsP94SUnJ4sWL8bjNZouNjR08eDAOVYiZQCAwL3wgPi7bDx06tHPnzl27dm3atOmLL74oLCz85ptvtm7dumPHjq21zPr163/88ccvvvhi8eLFe/fuxRHWY+MMjSf81+PxvPTSSwDQpUsXOsHr9VZWVnbv3r158+Z8Q+oNGzZMmDDhqaeemjNnTkFBwcMPP/zTTz9t3749Nzd3/PjxM2bMmDhx4tSpUydPnqxp2u7du6dMmTJp0qTJkyfPnz9//vz5H374IWNsx44d48aNmzhx4rx582bOnDljxozFixczxvbt2/fYY4/l5uZOmzbtmWeeWbhwIb6pEDOBQGBS9GBraZQxTdPQAVVVVUXmGh5EC8mAABDGmMPhcLlcuq7z0er1ElxJ4LXVNG3cuHEAcOutt2LjadrI7N27NwCsW7cOI0RkWaYiliwYF8NvdIWgaRptjuI5uHbh3csejwf/YHl5eUgbGvJeCjETCASmBmcxStqt7tlTVVWSJGM8fnyMYr2Jvz8XIVc+Pz8fADIzMymCA3Wlf//+Fotlx44dqqrWWO5ZVVVaClRVVWHcBxW3xLcgiaJQEbfb7fV66Tgvh36/3+fzhaijEDOBQGBqcH6kSQ0LR3m9XpwWyTDCioi1is/nIzuDBeNT6vG2GV5bClDcuXNngwYNrFbrqVOn6LLv27cP97rwR1mWsTaxJEkUysgY42WJcaWw+K8v5AS6sCh4eM3xL+NxHBj9KSFmAoHAvODM5fV6cS7D9DJZlmkKo1qIhrn7ZFnGUVE9xvoKyRg6+hhjHTp0iIyM7Nu37++//84YKy8v79q1a2pq6u23346R9HyEPZ9ejS9IkPCvoWlFxi6+4JvLaJrGqxrpIl/amH4rxEwgEAgENUNOP1Sm48ePjxkzJi4ujpLMAGDs2LHFxcVhHSZjQswEAoFAUCOY14yvS0pK0K4qLi7Ozc0dMGBAjx49brjhhoKCgqKiImaCipRCzAQCgUBQMyRmkiTxAS9YJl9RFNIwAzp9nx8hZgKBQCComZC4DAw7dLlcfr+f1zYz1PQSYiYQCASCc0IhGNjDrMZzPB5P2PPthJgJBAKBoAZIukIy6srKyihqUVVVj8cTdh8jE2ImEAgEgnqAEDOBQCAQ1Hn+F4BlOK3p57gtAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
Ortho nitro phenol with inter molecular hydrogen bonding:
![](/userfiles/img2%2817%29.jpg)