Controls

 

    Switches

Switch On/Off Light : Used to switch on/off the light.

Place Prism/Remove Prism : This switch used to place the prism on the prism table or remove prism from the prism table.

 

    Slider

Slit focus : This slider used to focus the slit while looking through telescope.

Slit width : Using this slider, width of the slit can be adjusted.

Telescope: Using this slider one can move the telescope from its position.

Vernier Table: Vernier table can be rotate using this slider.

 

    Fine Angle adjustment

Telescope: This is used to fine adjust the telescope.

Vernier Table: Using this slider , we can rotate fine angle.

 

    Measurements

Here we get the zoomed view of vernier I and II by placing mouse pointer over it.

 

 

Procedure:

 

Preliminary adjustments:

 

    Performing simulator

 

• Focus Telescope on distant object.
• When focus is correct, start button is activated. Then click Start button.
• Switch on the light by clicking Switch On Light button.
• Focus the slit using Slit focus slider.
• Adjust the slit width using Slit width slider.
• Coincide the slit with cross wire in the telescope. 

 

    Performing Real Lab:

 

1. Turn the telescope towards the white wall or screen and looking through eye-piece, adjust its position till the cross wires are clearly seen.
2. Turn the telescope towards window, focus the telescope to a long distant object.
3. Place the telescope parallel to collimator.
4. Place the collimator directed towards sodium vapor lamb. Switch on the lamb.
5. Focus collimator slit using collimator focusing adjustment.
6. Adjust the collimator slit width.
7. Place prism table, note that the surface of the table is just below the level of telescope and collimator.
8. Place spirit level on prism table. Adjust the base leveling screw till the bubble come at the centre of spirit level.
9. Clamp the prism holder.
10. Clamp the prism in which the sharp edge is facing towards the collimator, and base of the prism is at the clamp.

 

Least Count of Spectrometer

 

One main scale division (N)  =................minute

Number of divisions on vernier (v) = ................

L.C    =  = .......................minute

 

Procedure to find the angle of the prism

 

Click here to go to the procedure for finding angle of prism 

 

To draw i-d curve and obtain angle of minimum deviation

 

Indirect way to set the incident angle (i) in the spectrometer apparatus

 

Consider ab is the incident ray of light on one face of the prism. i is the angle of incident and d is the angle of deviation.

Basic idea to set the incident angle is the ‘angle of incident and angle of reflection is same’. There for reflected ray from the surface of the prism is at an angle 180-2*i from c. 

Fig (1) : Schematic representation of setting incident angle 

 

To find angle of deviation (d) corresponds to incident angle i 

    Performing simulator

Step 1: View the direct ray without the prism. Set the vernier and main scale in 0-0 in 0-180 position.

 

Step 2: For incident angle i ( say 30), rotate the Telescope to 180-2*i degrees in the anti-clock wise direction. (make sure the 0 line on the one of the vernier scale coincide with 120 in the main scale), see fig (2)

 

Step 3: Rotate the vernier table in the clockwise direction so as to get the reflected image of slit from one face of the prism. And make it coincide with cross wire of the telescope by the fine angle of vernier table, without rotating the telescope. (Refer figure below). Note the reading as θ. See Fig(3)

 

Step 4: Rotate the telescope in clock wise direction, without disturbing the vernier table, to find the emergent ray from other face of the prism. See fig(4)

 

Step 5: Make the slit coincide with the cross wire of telescope.

 

Step 6: Note down corresponding vernier 1 and vernier II reading. This reading is called refracted reading.

 

Step 7: to find the direct ray reading- remove the prism by clicking “remove prism” button.

 

Step 8: place the telescope in line with the collimator. (do not change vernier table position). See fig(5)

 

Performing Real lab

 

1. Remove the prism and adjust the telescope direct to the collimator.
2. Rotate the vernier table so as to get vernier 1 and 2 as 0-0 and 0-180.
3. Place prism on prism table,
4. For an incident angle i, rotate telescope to 180-2*i degrees in clock wise(or anticlock wise).
5. Rotate vernier table anticlock wise( or clock wise) to get the reflected image of slit.
6. Make the slit coincide with telescope cross wire.
7. Rotate telescope in anticlock wise(or clock wise) direction, so as to get the emerged ray from the prism. Make it coincide with the cross wire and note the reading.
8. Repeat the steps from 1 for different angle of incident.

Plot the graph between i and d, where i is in x-axis and d is in y-axis. From the graph, found the angle of minimum deviation.